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In the open, it is the master of camouflage and shape shifting, able to disguise itself well against almost any background. Able to conceal itself in small spaces, it is well protected. It can also expel ink, making it difficult for a predator to see or smell the octopus. But the octopus has a number of clever ways to defend itself from attack. It is agile and quick in the water for short distances, using jet propulsion for locomotion. Dolphins, sharks, moray and conger eels will all feed on octopuses. The octopus must be wary of sharks, eels, sea lions and other large predators. This makes the octopus a powerful, flexible, and formidable predator. They are capable of complex reflex actions that do not require input from the brain. They are capable of complex reflex actions that do not require input from the brain. The octopus has two thirds of its neurons located in complex nerve systems in its arms. The octopus has two thirds of its neurons located in complex nerve systems in its arms. After creating a tiny hole in the exoskeletons, the octopus injects a toxin that will kill the animal, causing the muscles to relax so that the shells can be opened. With the help of an enzyme in the octopus’ saliva they can dissolve calcium carbonate in the shells. Minute teeth are used to drill a hole in the shell. When an octopus captures crabs or shelled mollusks, they may be strong enough to tear them apart, but for those with seemingly impenetrable shells, the octopus has an impressive method of overcoming the armour. They are even able to smell and taste with their tentacles which is of great benefit when using their arms to find food. Able to control all eight arms independently, their brains are sophisticated and highly efficient. They feed on crabs, fish, and other mollusks, groping around and under coral to capture a meal. vulgaris, in their natural habitats of the Red Sea and the Mediterranean Sea, respectively. To see how octopuses do it, the researchers analyzed images of 11 octopuses of two species, O. Generally nocturnal feeders, they hide during daylight hours and emerge when darkness envelops the reef. Other animals hide from predators by looking similar to nearby objects, mimicking just part of the environment, instead of the whole. This octopus is hunting during the day, which is a rare sight. One of the most intelligent creatures in the animal kingdom, they are capable of observational learning and they possess short and long term memories. They can elongate for better propulsion, spread out like a parachute to capture prey, and extend their arms into the tiniest of crevices too explore for food. They are masters of shape shifting, able to fit their entire bodies through spaces barely larger than their eyes. Nearly all octopuses are predatory bottom-dwelling octopuses eat mainly crustaceans, polychaete worms, and other molluscs such as whelks and clams open-ocean octopuses eat mainly prawns, fish and other cephalopods. Others live in caves on the ocean floor, while some build themselves dens from rocks.
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They are mollusks and being invertebrates, they possess no bones. " Octopus Engineering, Intentional and Inadvertent." Communicative & Integrative Biology 11.1 (2018): e1395994.There are more than 300 species of octopus. " Octopus Fact Sheet." World Animal Foundation.
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" Octopuses, Order Octopoda." The National Wildlife Federation." First Description of the Eggs and Paralarvae of the Tropical Octopus, Octopus Insularis, under Culture Conditions." BioOne 33.1 (2015): 101-09. " Geographic Variability of Octopus Insularis Diet: From Oceanic Island to Continental Populations." Aquatic Biology 25 (2016): 17-27.
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"Octopus! The Most Mysterious Creature in the Sea." New York: Penguin Group, 2013. " Behavior and Body Patterns of the Larger Pacific Striped Octopus." PLOS One 10.8 (2015): e0134152. " Octopus Facts." Live Science / Animals, June 8, 2017. "Octopus: The Ocean's Intelligent Invertebrate." Portland, Oregon: Timber Press, 2010.